Engine frame



A. L. BAYLES ENGINE FRAME Filed Sept. 2, 1944 internal combustion engines.

Patented Aug. 21, 1945 2,383,285 7 ENGiNE FRA E Allison 1,. Bayles Larchmont, N. Y. I I Application September 2,1944, Serial No. 552,514

8' Claims. (ohms-#195 This invention relates to engine frames in general, and more specifically to cylinder unit or cylinder block constructions for opposed-piston The invention is applicable to all such engines, but will be described as applied to an engine of the class commonly called barrel type, axial, or round engines, the class having cylinders parallel to the shaft.

An object of the invention is to provide an improved cylinder unit for an opposed-piston engine, a unit which can be readily fabricated with little machine work and assembled by furnace-brazing. Another object is to provide an improved cylinder unit formed essentiallyas a "double tube, the inner tube serving as the cylinder wall and the outertube, in three separate lengths, serving as water jacket for the cylinder and as crosshead guides at bothends of the cylin der, the two tubesspaced by steel castings 113V! ing the fins and ports; which would otherwise ject is to'provide a cylinder block construction built up of the improved cylinderunits.

These and otherobjects of the invention will be more apparent from the following description in connection with the drawing in which Fig.1 is a longitudinal section of an improved cylinder unit;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation, partly in section, of a cylinder block composedof se'ven cylinderunits which may be arranged in a circle, the one shown in sectionhaving slightly different construction from that shown in Fig. 1; y

Fig, 3 is an end view of the cylinder block shown in Fig. 2 and showing the circular arrangement;

Fig. 4 is atransverse section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1; and i Fig. 5 is a transverse section on the line 5--5 of Fig. 1.

' it is desirable that the crosshead be of somewhat larger diameter than the piston.)

The central collar [4 has aboss for the imjector and fins to provide more cooling area in the water jacket and faster flow of the coolant (since the fins restrict the passage), both to remove heat more readily from the hotter central portion of the cylinder wall. Intake port collar and exhaust port collar I6 arecast with radial ports and longitudinal water passages as shown, and need only be bored out to fit over the cylinder tube In and turned down on the outside to fit inside outer tube 20. Outer tube maybe in three lengths as shown, separated at the portzones to avoid machining any ports in tube 20. Thenthe whole assembly may be furnace-brazed into an integral structure, with copperor any other suitable welding alloy. Since all the fits involved are simple cylindrical fits, and all the machining can be punching and. simple cylindrical boring and turning, there is" no difficulty or expense in machining, and the joints formed in the furnace'can be depended upon to it be free fromleaks and plenty strong.

. 20 require much machining cast in. Another ob- Aiterbrazing, the unit is normalized to reduce the grain of the metal. Then the cylinder surface may be platedwith chromium or otherwise prepared for service. i l l l K Any desired number of cylinder units may be assembled in any desired manner into a cylinder block or assembly. They may be bolted together, or clamped. Or they may be welded or brazed into a structure such as that shown in Fig. 2, in which case the normalizing and plating would be postponed until after assembly into the block.

The cylinder unit shownas part of Fig. 2 differs' from that of Fig. 1 only that the inner tube 30 is castintegral with. the three inner collars,

after which the longitudinal water passages betweenthe radial ports are drilled as indicated at 3|,the exterioris turned down to fit into outer tube 20; and the endcollars 32 are added to close the water jacket atthe ends ofthe cylinder, the whole being pressed into outer tube 20, which may be in three lengths as in Fig. 1.

Seven such units are assembled in a series of central plates 4|] and end plates, with intake passages 21 and exhaust manifold passages 22 arranged to close the water jackets from intake ports H and exhaust ports l2. Inner tube 12 supporting the inner main bearings of the shaft, closes the water'ja'ckets internally, fitting inside plates 40, and outer tubes 43' are wrapped around the exterior to close the water jackets outwardly and to provide surfaceson which to seal the manifolds or covers enclosing the whole. When the cylinder units have been properly assembled in the plates and other parts as shown, the whole block may be furnace brazed or welded into an integral structuraafter which it is normalized to reduce the grain of the steel, and the cylinder surfaces may be plated with chromium or otherwise prepared for service.

Having thus described the invention, it is obvi-' I'ous that the objects of the invention as stated have been attained: While specific embodiments of the invention have been'shown and described, it is understood that changes may be made in the construction or in the application of the invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as expressed in. the following claims.

I claim:

1. A cylinder block assembly for an opposedu fins providing more area for radiation of heat "to the Water, two rings one for said intake ports piston internal combustion engine comprising a series of plates, holes similarly spaced in said said holes, each of said cylinder units comprising an inner tubular member forming the cylinder wall and having intake ports toward one end and exhaust ports toward the other end: thereof, an

outer tube of larger diameter forming the cylinder water jacket for the length of said cylinder wall and the engine crosshead guides beyond each end of said cylinder wall, said outer tube in three lengths, one extending. from said intake ports] to said exhaust ports, another from said intake ports outward to one end of said unit, and the other from said. exhaust ports outward totheother end plates, and a plurality of cylinder 'units'fitting and the other for said exhaust ports, each of said two, rings having radial ports and longitudinal 'water passages between them, and a pair of end .ringsclosing thewater jackets at the ends of said cylinder wall; said outer tube being in three lengths, one extending from said intake ports of, said unit, the several parts brazed together into anintegral unit, I p

2.,A cylinder block assembly foran opposedpiston internal combustion engine comprising a series of plates, holes similarly spaced in said plates, and a plurality of cylinder units fitting said holes, each of said cylinder units comprising an inner tubular member f orrning the cyl inder wall and having intake ports'toward one end and exhaust ports toward the. other end thereof, an outer tube of larger diameter fQrm ing the cylinder water jacket for the lengthof said cylinder wall and the engine crosshead guides beyond each end of said cy1inderwall, and arseries of cast .ring s' fitting outside. said inner tube and inside said outer tube, one ring having I fins providing more area for radiation of heat to the water, two rings one for said intake ports inderLwall, the severalparts brazed together in an integral unit, I i

3. A cylinder block assembly for an opposed piston internal combustion engine comprising a series of plates, holes similarly spaced in said plates, and a plurality of cylinder units fitting said holes, each of said cylinder units comprising an inner cast tubular member forming the cylinder wall and having intake portstoward one end and exhaust ports toward theother end thereof, an outer tube of larger diameterforming the cylinder water jacket for the length of said cylinder wall and the engine crosshead.

to said exhaust ports, another. from said intake ports to one end of said unit, and the other from said exhaust ports to'the other end of said unit, the several parts brazed together into an integral unit;

tubular member forming the cylinder wall and having intake ports toward one end. and exhaust ports toward the other end thereof, an outer tube of larger diameter forming the cylinder water jacket for the length of said cylinder Wall and the engine crossheaol guides beyond the ends of said cylinder wall, said outer tube in three lengths, one extending from said intake ports to said exhaust ports, another from said intake ports outward to one end of said unit, and the other from said exhaust ports outward to the other end of said unit, the several parts brazed together into an integral unit.

6. An engine cylinder unit comprising an inner tubular member forming the cylinder Wall and having, intake ports toward one end and exhaust ports toward the other end thereof, an outer tube of larger diameter forming the cylinder water jacket for the length of said cylinder wall and the engine; crosshead guides beyond the ends of said cylinder wall, and a series of cast rings fitting outside said inner ,tube' and inside said outer tube and closing the water jacket at the ends of said cylinder wall, the sev-. eral parts brazed together into an'integral unit. 7. An engine cylinder unit comprising an inner cast tubular member forming the cylinder wall outer tube in three lengths, one extending from said intake ports to said exhaust ports, another from said intake ports outward to'one end of said unit, and the other from said exhaust ports to the other end of said unit, the several parts brazed together into an integral unit.

8. An engine cylinder unit comprising an inner tubular member forming the cylinder wall and having intake ports toward one end and exhaust ports toward the other end thereof, an outer tube of larger diameter forming the cyl-.-

inder water jacket for the length of said cylinder walland the engine crosshead guides beyond the ends of said cylinder wall, and a series of cast rings fitting outside said inner tube and inside said outer tube, one ring having fins pro- 5. An engine cylinder unit comprising an inner 2,383,285 r t r 3 viding more area for radiation of heat to the water in said jacket, two rings one for said intake ports and one for said exhaust ports, each of i said two rings having radial ports and longitudinal water passagesbetween them, and a pair of end rings closing the water jackets at the ends i of said cylinder wall; said outer tube being in three lengths, one extending from said intake ports to said exhaust ports, another from said intake ports to one end of said unit, and the other'from said exhaust ports to the other end of said unit, the several parts brazed together into an integral unit.

i ALLISON L. BAYLES. 

